What differences between present & past participle?

The present participle (e.g., parlante – speaking) indicates an ongoing action or the one performing the action, whereas the past participle (e.g., parlato – spoken) indicates a completed action and is used in compound tenses or as an adjective.

When to use the present participle in Italian?

The present participle is mainly used in literary or formal contexts, and it describes ongoing actions . It is less common in everyday speech, which tends to favor other forms like the gerund or present tense.

How to form the past participle in Italian?

The past participle is formed by adding -ato to -are verbs, -uto to -ere verbs, and -ito to -ire verbs. For example: mangiato (eaten), creduto (believed), finito (finished).

Can past participle be used as adjective?

Yes, the past participle can be used as an adjective, agreeing in gender and number with the noun it modifies. For example: una lettera scritta (a written letter), i compiti finiti (the finished homework).

How is the past participle used in compound tenses?

The past participle is essential for forming compound tenses like the passato prossimo (present perfect), where it follows the auxiliary verb avere or essere . For example: Ho mangiato (I have eaten) or Sono andato (I went).

Can I study Italian with LTL?

Yes! We offer individual and group classes on our online platform, Flexi Classes . Check out our 7 Day Free Trial and get started today!

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Italian Grammar Bank

A2

Grammar Point	Pattern	Example
Italian present participle & Italian past participle
Modal verbs in Italian		Nicola è andato a Roma → Nicola è dovuto andare a Roma per lavoro
Interrogative & exclamative adjectives in Italian	Interrogative Adjective + Noun + Verb + ?	Quante persone hai invitato stasera?
Indefinite adjectives in Italian	Indefinite Adjective + Noun + Verb	Abbiamo avuto molti riscontri positivi
Qualifying adjectives in Italian	Adjective + -o, -a, -i, -e	bello, bella, belli, belle
Italian future simple tense	-	Presto cambierò lavoro
Italian imperfect tense	-	Da giovane, vivevo a Bologna
Imperative form in Italian	Verb root + A	Ascolta!
How to use the verb "Sapere"	-	Non so nuotare
Essere vs Stare conjugations	Ci + Essere; Stare + Per	C'é qualcosa di strano; Sta per piovere
Comparative & superlative adjectives	A + Essere + Adj + Come + B	Sono alta come te; Lui è bellissimo