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Vietnamese Grammar Bank
PROBABILITY IN VIETNAMESE
In this lesson, you will learn how to express probability in Vietnamese using common phrases such as hình như, có lẽ, chắc là, and có thể.
These expressions help you talk about uncertainty, possibility, and likelihood in everyday situations.

CÓ THỂ = MIGHT BE
“Có thể” is used to express possibility or probability in the present or future.
PATTERN
Subject + có thể + Verb
For example:
| Anh ấy có thể giải quyết vấn đề này. | He might solve this problem |
| Cô ấy có thể trở thành một bác sĩ giỏi. | She might become a good doctor |
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| Dự án này có thể thành công. | This project might succeed |
| Tôi có thể hoàn thành công việc trước thời hạn. | I might finish the work ahead of schedule |
| Trẻ em có thể học rất nhanh. | Children might learn very quickly |
| Họ có thể đến vào chiều nay. | They might come this afternoon |
CHẮC LÀ = PROBABLY
“Chắc là” is used to express a slight degree of certainty about an event.
PATTERN
Chắc là + clause
For example:
| Chắc là họ đã về nhà rồi. | They’ve probably gone home already |
| Chắc là hôm nay trời sẽ nắng. | It will probably be sunny today |
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| Chắc là cô ấy đang ở văn phòng. | She’s probably in the office |
| Chắc là anh ta đã hiểu sai ý tôi. | He probably misunderstood my point |
| Chắc là chúng ta sẽ phải đợi thêm. | We’ll probably have to wait longer |
| Chắc là anh ấy không muốn tham gia. | He probably doesn’t want to participate |
HÌNH NHƯ = APPARENTLY
“Hình như” means “it seems” or “apparently,” indicating speculation based on observations or limited evidence.
PATTERN
Hình như + Clause
For example:
| Hình như anh ấy đang buồn. | It seems he’s feeling sad |
| Hình như họ chưa biết tin này. | It seems they don’t know this news yet |
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| Hình như cô ấy không thích món này. | It seems she doesn’t like this dish |
| Hình như trời sắp mưa. | It seems like it’s going to rain |
| Hình như anh ta quên mất cuộc họp. | It seems he forgot about the meeting |
| Hình như họ chưa quyết định xong. | It seems they haven’t finished deciding |
CÓ LẼ = MAYBE / PERHAPS
“Có lẽ” is used to express moderate probability or speculation.
PATTERN
Subject + Có lẽ + Clause
For example:
| Có lẽ tôi sẽ đến muộn một chút. | Maybe I’ll be a bit late |
| Có lẽ anh ấy không tham dự. | Maybe he won’t attend |
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| Có lẽ trời sẽ đẹp vào ngày mai. | Perhaps the weather will be nice tomorrow |
| Có lẽ cô ấy không nghe rõ. | Maybe she didn’t hear clearly |
| Có lẽ họ đang bận. | Perhaps they’re busy |
| Có lẽ tôi nên cân nhắc lại quyết định của mình. | Maybe I should reconsider my decision |
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FAQs
What is the difference between “hình như” and “có lẽ”?
Both express uncertainty, but hình như often implies personal perception or assumption, while có lẽ is a more neutral way to say “maybe” or “probably.”
Can I use “chắc là” and “có thể” interchangeably?
Not exactly. Chắc là implies higher certainty (“surely”), while có thể suggests possibility without commitment (“might”).
Where do these expressions go in a sentence?
They typically appear at the beginning or before the verb phrase: e.g., Có lẽ anh ấy chưa đến. (“Maybe he hasn’t arrived.”)
Are these expressions formal or informal?
They are generally neutral and appropriate in both casual and polite contexts, depending on tone and situation.
How can I practice using these expressions naturally?
Try making predictions about current events or guessing what might happen using these structures, and get feedback from native speakers or a teacher.
Can I go study in Vietnam with LTL?
Yes, you can!
You can study with us in Saigon or Hanoi, in both group or individual classes.
You’ll even have the opportunity to live with a Vietnamese family, thanks to our homestays.
MORE FREE LESSONS
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Subject 1 + Adjective + hơn + Subject 2 -
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Subject 1 + adjective + chẳng kém gì + Subject 2 -
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Subject 1 + Verb + với + Subject 2 -
How to say "or" in Vietnamese
N1/ V1/ A1 + hoặc + N2/ V2/ A2 -
How to say "almost" in Vietnamese
Subject + hầu như + verb -
How to say 'if' in Vietnamese
Nếu/ Nếu như + Clause 1, Clause 2 -
How to say "together" in Vietnamese
Subject + “cùng” + (Person if specified) + Verb -
How to say "in order to" in Vietnamese
Subject + để + Verb -
How to say "this" and "that" in Vietnamese
Cái này + (là) + Noun/ Adjective/Verb/Clause -
How to say "after all" in Vietnamese
Cuối cùng, Subject + Verb -
How to say "moreover" in Vietnamese
Clause 1. Hơn nữa, Clause 2. -
How to say "until" in Vietnamese
Clause 1 + cho đến khi + Clause 2 -
"Must" & "have to" in Vietnamese
Subject + phải + verb -
How to say "used to" in Vietnamese
Subject + từng/đã từng + verb -
"To try something" in Vietnamese
Thử + Verb -
"The more...the more" in Vietnamese
Càng + [Verb], Càng + [Verb] -
Making suggestions in Vietnamese
Clause, nhé! -
Expressing intentions in Vietnamese
Subject + định + verb -
Expressing surprise in Vietnamese
Thật à? + Clause -
Expressing regret in Vietnamese
Thật tiếc là + clause -
Expressing hope in Vietnamese
Subject + hy vọng + clause -
Probability in Vietnamese
Subject + có thể + Verb -
Purpose of action in Vietnamese
Subject + Verb + để + Purpose Clause -
Expressing potential in Vietnamese
Subject + có thể + Verb -
Expressing contrast in Vietnamese
Tuy + clause, nhưng + contrast clause -
Giving advice in Vietnamese
Subject 1 + nghĩ + Subject 2 + nên + verb/adjective -
How to order food in Vietnamese
Cho + 1st pronoun + counter + name of the dish or drink -
Adjective Clause with "Đến mức" in Vietnamese
Subject + adjective + đến mức + clause